See oxe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "ox"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ox"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "hox"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "oix"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "oxe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "oxx"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "oxa"
},
"expansion": "Old English oxa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ohsō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ohsō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uhsô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uhsô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*uksḗn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English oxa, from Proto-West Germanic *ohsō, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô, from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "oxen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "oxe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oxen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "oxes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oxen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "oxene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hox",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "nox",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "occe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ocxe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "okse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ox",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "oxhe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "oxse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "oxe",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oxen"
},
"expansion": "oxe (plural oxen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bovines",
"orig": "enm:Bovines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
264,
267
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
309,
311
]
],
"english": "At some point in the day or night hold in your heart all the sick and grieving, the suffering and deprivation the poor endure, the torments that prisons contain, where [people] lie fettered with heavy iron, and especially the Christians who are in Heathendom: some in prison, and some in as much misery as an ox or a donkey.",
"ref": "c. 1390 [c. 1225], “Furſte dole: ſeruiſe”, in Þe roule of reclous (Ancrene Wisse, Bodleian MS. Eng. poet. a. 1), Worcestershire, folio 373, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "BI. daye ſũtyme. oþ᷑ beo niht. gedereþ in oure herte. alle seeke and ſoꝛe. þat wo. and pouert. þᵗ poꝛe þoleþ. þe pyne þat pͥſons habbeþ. þer aliggen wıþ Iren heuye I.feteret. Nomeliche of þe cristene. þat beoþ in heþeneſſe. Sũme in prison. sũme in as muche wo. as Oxe is. oþer Aſſe.",
"translation": "At some point in the day or night hold in your heart all the sick and grieving, the suffering and deprivation the poor endure, the torments that prisons contain, where [people] lie fettered with heavy iron, and especially the Christians who are in Heathendom: some in prison, and some in as much misery as an ox or a donkey.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ox"
],
"id": "en-oxe-enm-noun-HdFP~Dww",
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Oxenford"
},
{
"word": "oxeherde"
},
{
"word": "oxtonge"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɔks(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "oxe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "ox"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ox"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "hox"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "oix"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "oxe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"either from Middle Scots *owse or rebuilt on the plural owsyn"
],
"word": "ouse"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "oxx"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "oxa"
},
"expansion": "Old English oxa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ohsō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ohsō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uhsô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uhsô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*uksḗn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English oxa, from Proto-West Germanic *ohsō, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô, from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "oxen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "oxe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oxen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "oxes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oxen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "oxene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hox",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "nox",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "occe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ocxe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "okse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ox",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "oxhe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "oxse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "oxe",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oxen"
},
"expansion": "oxe (plural oxen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Oxenford"
},
{
"word": "oxeherde"
},
{
"word": "oxtonge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Bovines"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
264,
267
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
309,
311
]
],
"english": "At some point in the day or night hold in your heart all the sick and grieving, the suffering and deprivation the poor endure, the torments that prisons contain, where [people] lie fettered with heavy iron, and especially the Christians who are in Heathendom: some in prison, and some in as much misery as an ox or a donkey.",
"ref": "c. 1390 [c. 1225], “Furſte dole: ſeruiſe”, in Þe roule of reclous (Ancrene Wisse, Bodleian MS. Eng. poet. a. 1), Worcestershire, folio 373, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "BI. daye ſũtyme. oþ᷑ beo niht. gedereþ in oure herte. alle seeke and ſoꝛe. þat wo. and pouert. þᵗ poꝛe þoleþ. þe pyne þat pͥſons habbeþ. þer aliggen wıþ Iren heuye I.feteret. Nomeliche of þe cristene. þat beoþ in heþeneſſe. Sũme in prison. sũme in as muche wo. as Oxe is. oþer Aſſe.",
"translation": "At some point in the day or night hold in your heart all the sick and grieving, the suffering and deprivation the poor endure, the torments that prisons contain, where [people] lie fettered with heavy iron, and especially the Christians who are in Heathendom: some in prison, and some in as much misery as an ox or a donkey.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ox"
],
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɔks(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "oxe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for oxe meaning in Middle English (5.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '(nominative/accusative)'",
"path": [
"oxe"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "oxe",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.